生涯规划：跳槽：职业转变的开始（中/英）

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转换职业的期望即令人高兴又令人畏缩。如果你明确的清楚你想要追求的新的职业，不要被职业变换带来的大量挑战所妨碍。采用以下这些有力的策略可以让职业转换变成事实。
　　决定你的杠杆优势
　　清点在职业转换中能起到杠杆作用的技能和经验。例子包括：
　　•转换技能：在多数情况下，你在一个领域内磨练出的技能与另一个领域是相关的。项目管理，团队领导能力，销售，客户服务，分析能力，解决问题，招聘，培训及很多其他的能力都属于可转换技能。
　　•公司类型：借助于你对所工作过的公司的类型的认识。非营利性质的组织有着某些相似的地方。家庭式或个体经营业务同样在某种程度上与上市公司也有相似之处。
　　•经验：利用任何启动，关闭，合并，产品投放或公司危机等你所经历过的行为，作为你与雇主讨论相似情境时的支持。
　　•工作环境：如果你曾在压力重重的环境下工作，那么其他行业类似的工作环境并不会让你感到陌生。同理，如果你曾经接触过工会，为企业工作过或者是在没有监督的环境下工作过，其他行业的类似情况也是你所熟悉的。
　　•网络：借助现有的关系网，找出进入新的领域的敲门砖。这一切所需的不过是建立另一种形式的沟通。问问那些联系人，对于你要涉足的领域，他们知道什么，他们认识哪些人。在他们的指引下，你会加快进程。
　　有效地陈述你的理由
　　确保你变换职业的理由是有力有效的。如果你清楚为什么要变换领域，以及你一定会从中获得哪些利益，那么你成功的几率将大大增加。另外，确保你能够清晰地把这些原因传递给未来的雇主并告知对他们来讲这件事的意义。雇主们不想有种你在偏离主题的感觉。
　　找到合乎逻辑的入门要点
　　通常情况下，某个职位或某个公司都可能成为你转移到新领域的自然过渡的陪衬。利用你的优势来证明你最适合得到的位置，这样可以增大你被雇佣的机会。
　　避免过度分析
　　更好地了解你自己比应付职业变换更为必要。但避免出现分析麻痹的情况。你不能一路想着就能达到目的的；最终，你必须采取行动。
　　与你锁定的领域内的人联系
　　当你变换职业时，作为推销工作的简历就不再那么有用了。因此，建立你的人脉网络变得更加关键。与你锁定的领域内的人联系，来证实你是否真的感兴趣，并且找寻时机。
　　留下印象
　　在面试中，通过大胆讲述能够证明你对这个领域的投入所采取的行动，让自己成为出色的候选人。展示你的行业知识，提及你曾参加过的行业事件或者你曾志愿工作过的相关行业组织。如果你有写行业相关日记，也可顺便说一说。你甚至可以提交一份你曾调查过的行业问题的白皮书，或者是一份能证明你可以给企业带来的价值的商业计划。
　　你的目的就是要让未来的雇主看到你已经是他们行业中的一员，不管他们是否雇佣你。不要留下错误的印象，即如果他们不雇佣你，你将会去做别的事情。
　　兼职
　　一个切实的开始职业转换的方法就是找自由职业或兼职工作。这些工作可以增加你简历上的相关经历，并且让你在新的领域中有个初步的体验。
　　类似的具体步骤会为你的职业转换创造动力，证明你对未来雇主的承诺，并让你的计划确实生效。

Jump-Start Your Career Change
The prospect of changing careers is both exhilarating and daunting. If you know exactly the new career you want to pursue, don't become stymied by the enormous challenges the career-change process presents. Employ these powerful strategies to make that career change a reality.
Determine Your Leverage Points
Inventory the skills and experiences you can leverage in your career switch. Examples include:
•Transferable Skills: In most cases, skills you've honed in one career will be relevant in the next. Project management, team leadership, sales, customer service, analytical capabilities, problem solving, hiring, training and numerous other abilities are all common transferable skills.
•Company Type: Leverage your knowledge about the kinds of companies you've worked for. Nonprofit organizations have certain similarities. So do family-owned or owner-operated businesses and, to a certain degree, public companies.
•Experience: Use any startup, shutdown, merger, product launch or corporate crisis you've lived through as leverage when you talk to companies dealing with similar issues.
•Job Environment: If you've ever worked in a pressure-cooker environment, you'll be no stranger to a similar environment in another industry. The same will be true if you've ever dealt with unions, worked for an entrepreneur or worked without supervision.
•Networks: Leverage your current relationships to find entry points into your new field. All it takes is a different type of conversation to get started. Ask contacts what they know and whom they know related to the field you want to enter. Follow up on their leads and you'll make progress quickly.
State Your Case Effectively
Be sure you have strong, valid reasons to change careers. If you know why you want to make the change and what you stand to gain from it, you'll increase your odds of success considerably. Also, be sure you can articulate those reasons to potential employers and explain what's in it for them. Employers don't want to feel like you're running away from something.
Find the Logical Entry Point
Often, a certain role or company will serve as a natural transition into your new field. Bolster your chances of getting hired by using your leverage points to identify where you best fit.
Avoid Overanalysis
Developing a strong understanding of yourself is imperative to managing your career change, but avoid analysis paralysis. You cannot think your way to a career change; eventually, you must act.
Connect with People in Your Target Field
When you're changing careers, your resume is less useful as a marketing tool. For that reason, building your network becomes even more critical. Connect with people in your target field to validate your interest and learn about opportunities.
Make an Impression
On interviews, be the standout candidate by talking up the actions you've taken that prove your commitment to the field. Reveal your industry knowledge, and mention industry events you've attended or industry associations where you volunteer. If you write an industry-related blog, reference that as well. You could even present a white paper on an industry issue you've researched or a business plan that demonstrates the value you could bring to the organization.
Your goal is to make potential employers see you as someone already in their industry and in it to stay, regardless of whether they hire you. Don't leave the impression that if they don't hire you, you will do something else.
Moonlight
One tangible way to start your career change is through freelance or part-time work. Such work builds your resume and lets you test the waters in your new field.
Concrete steps such as these create momentum for your career change, demonstrate your commitment to potential employers and validate your plan.